Rating Rocks

What would you say if someone asked you to describe a rock in one word? You might say "hard." All rocks are pretty hard, but some are harder than others. How would you rate a rock?


Rocks are made of minerals. A German geologist named Friedrich Mohs (MOWHS) invented a scale to rate the hardness of minerals. He chose ten common minerals. He put them in order from softest to hardest and gave them numbers from one to ten.


Each mineral on the scale will scratch those with lower numbers. For example, calcite is number three on the scale. It will scratch minerals one (talc) and two (gypsum). Your fingernail can also scratch minerals with a hardness of one or two.


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